EN
Iyini Iyunithi Yokudonsa Umshini? Indima Ebalulekile Ezindaweni Zodonsa Umshini Yezindawo Zomuzi
A ring main unit (RMU) yiyunithi enezinto ezihlanganisiweyo, ehlanzekileyo, eyenzelwe ukulungisa amandla osredana (okuvamile 6–24kV). Isebenza njengendawo yokondla embonweni yezinhlaka, ivumela umlando wamandla ngobude betha—lokhu kubalulekile ezindaweni zomuzi lapho ishayeli esingekho siphathekayo sibangela izimpilo ezingu-1000 kanye nezempesheni.
Uhlelo Lwendima Nenjongo Yokugaya Kweyunithi Yokudonsa Umshini
I-RMUs ihlanganisa izinto ezintathu eziphathelene ngempela:
- Izigaga zokugaya iguquko , kulokusebenzela iguquko ngokuvamile phakathi kweguquko
- Amadisikonekthi okugqibela , ukumelana nempembelelo yamakhini kungaphansi kwemizuzwana engu-10
- Izivivinyi okuyintoni izikhathi zokuphepha , ekukhethweni kwezimali kanye nokuphazanyiswa kokushisa
Umsebenzi wokubopheka uphatha ngemigqa. Xa kukhona into eqhubeka kanjengoqobo lokuchukwa kwesimilo noma ukhungezelo okuphakeme kakhulu kocingo, isistimu iyasebenza ngokuzenzekelayo ukulungisa. Sebenzisa umdla wokumelana nawo njenge: indawo enomphumela ihlukaniswa ngabantwana abaqashelwayo, kodwa ezinye iswitchi zithumela umthwalo kumagugu amuhlungu wesenzo. Konke oku kusebenza kakhudlwana kakhulu, phakathi kwemizuzwana engu-100 ne-300. Okuthile kulesi simiso esinamandla kukuthi kumelana namaphutha ngaphandle kokuba khiphe kuzinzile eziphilayo. Esikhundleni sokuvumela inkinga yokuba yizinkinga eziphakade, lesi sisetema sicela ngokuzenzekela emva kwebangco.
Ukunciphisa Impembelelo, Ukuthwala Ukuthwala, Nenjongo Yophambano Lwendawo Ngaphandle Kokuthintana
Amathuba kade ayedwa kuma-RMUs ukuze afakwe ubunikazi be “N-1”: uma umfanekiso omunye uphazimise, izinqamlezi ezifundisa ngokushesha ukulayisha kuzindlela zokugcina. Kwi-grid yaseLondon, lokhu kwaya kuphazimisika kubangelwa ukuthi kube khona ubude obuncane ngama-73% (2023 Grid Resilience Report). Ezinye izinkinga eziphilayo zilandelayo:
| Isenzo | Isabelo | Isibonelo Somzamo Wasekhalini |
|---|---|---|
| Ukusilwa kwegunya | Kugcwalisa amaphepha angu-1–2 nje kumgwa | Uphazimise kwezihlangu zabatshani ezingaphansi komhlaba |
| Ukuthunyelwa Kwesithuba | Kuvikela ukunwela kwetransformer | Ukudinga okuphezulu kwezinkampani ezide |
| Ukubuyakala kwesikhwama | Kuvumela ukulungiswa ngaphandle kokuphazimisa | Ukuvuselela kwe-grid ngexesha elincane le-load |
Lokhu kubekiwa kabusha kuvumela izigwebo ukulungiselela izilingo ngokugcwele—ukuthinta isayensi kusuka kuzindawo zokudala kuya kuzindawo zokuhlala ekuseni—ngelokho kuyakha inani eliphakade lekhasi langaphansi kwangaphezulu ezinganeni njengeSingapore.
Izinkinga Ezikhula Ngokuphelele Kwe-Ring Main Units Yezindawo Ezinezinkinga Zendawo
I-RMUs ihlinza inkinga yendawo ephethelwe kizindawo ngokuthatha indawo encane kakhulu. Lezi zinhlayiya zihlanganisa konke okudingekayo njengeprothikhi yesandla, izinketho, nezinhlelo zokubeka khona kuququqululo oluncane, olithunyelwe. Lokhu kuthola? Kuthatha ngesikhathi sesibili kuya kwisithupha amathupha angaphansi kwezimali ezingu- traditional switchgear setups. Lokhu kwenza kube yisimo sokufaka lapho izixhobo zesilika esisodwa asidingeki faka kodwa. Fakaza lamathekwane ambalwa ancamazulu, izindawo zokusebenzisa emabasementi apho amacebhe ayafinyelela kuphela kwi-2.5 meters, noma lezi ziphazamiso eziningi phakathi kwemboni ezahlukene ebalulekile ngokushesha ekunakekelweni.
Izibalo zokuthintana kwe-Footprint ngaphandle kwe-Switchgear eLandelene
Ubunzima bomthwalo wamandla we-RMUs kamanje kubonakala xa kuhlolwa ukulungiswa kwezidingo:
| Ipharamitha | I-Switchgear eLandelene | Ring main unit | Isenkaphakathi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Indawo yomhlanga (m²) | 8–12 | 2–4 | ≥65% |
| Ukuhlanjulwa Kophando (m) | 2.5 | 1.2 | 52% |
| Isikhathi Sokufaka (Amahora) | 80–100 | 20–30 | 70–75% |
Lokhu kufakwa okuphathelene kube yisiphumo esiqinile sokulungiswa kwemfanelo yomphakathi. Isivivinyo se-2023 sokulungisa isikhele samandla sabaseNtabeni sobonise ukuthi 74% basehleli bezindawo bahlola izinto ezincane xa bakhulisa amandla emandla emasango aphelile.
Ukufaka Okusobala: Izi-Kiosk, Izigogo Zangaphansi Kwesimo, Nezindlu Eziphakeme
Am-RMU ayathandaza eminye imithombo yezindawo zasezulwini ngokusebenzisa ukwakha kwe-moduli nekuthintela kwemvelo. Amaphakathi ayo asekhuphile, aphakathi kwe-gas ayavumela:
- Ukufakwa emzulwini ngokusebenzisa amaphakathi awaziqinisekiswa ngokuphatha kwezilwane
- Ukugxilwa emazini wezindlela—kubanzi kwezindlela zokubeka izilwane nezindlela zokuhlanza izinye zezilwane
- Ukufaka kusuka emafuleni amaningi ngokuphakama kwezindlela zokusebenza zasezulwini
Le vuthi lebomvu liyabuyisa ukuthengiselwa kwamalitha okungahleli—lokhu kuyisibonelo esikhulu lapho imali yokuthengiselwa kwezindawo kuyakhula kune- $740k ngalinye lezindawo (I-Urban Land Institute, 2023). Ukulungisa kuyadlula ngokuvamile, ngokusebenzisa ukwakha kwe-mphakathi okukhona phambili okuvumela ukungafuni ukuthabatha isikhathi sokulungisa emuva.
Ukuphepha Kwam-RMU: Ukuvikela Ukuphila Kwemithombo Yezindawo Zasezulwini
Ukutholela Kwamaphakathi Nokuphila Kwesikhathi Sokusebenza: Imboni Yezindaba Zempilo Kuma-Metro Grids Ka-London Ne-Singapore
I-Ring Main Units (RMUs) yayis' iqiniso ngenxa yokuhandlinga kwezinkinga ezinguqukayo emakhaya eninguqu eziphakeme lapho isikhala singaqondana. Isakhiwo sangokubeka ngemigqa sivumela ukuthi amandla aphindwe ngokushesha noma lapho kunezinkinga nezihlangothi noma izithuthi, okwenzela ukuthi izinkinga ezincane zingakhala kube zinkinga eziphakeme kuzo zonke izinhlangano ezigxilwayo. Ngokomdla, u-London subway wafika ku-99.98% we-up time uma kusetyenziswa lezi zixoxo zamanje. Futhi eSingapure, umgwaqo walo wasezansi wahlala wasebenza kakade nangoba kunesimo esiphikisanayo se-monsoon esayenzela izinkinga eziningi. Uma kunesidingo, ukugcina ngokuzenzakalelayo kusuka ngokushesha—ngokwengele 100 milliseconds—ukuvula iziqhamo ezinezinkinga ngaphambi kokuba zibophephe emakhundleni aphakeme kakhulu. Ngaphezu koko, ubuchwepheshe obususelwa kude bubenza abasebenzisi bafumane izimemo ezibalulekile mayelana nokulahleka kwesilinda ngaphambi kokuba kuphucuke kabehlakala. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi isikhathi esingekhohlakali sibe sesithathu kuphela kunazo izixoxo ezindala zomoya ezigxilwa kuzo ezinye iindawo.
Umsebenzi Othula Kakhulu Nokuhleleka Kwezimali Ngokuphila Kwesimo
I-RMUs zidinga ukuzilungiselela kancane kakhulu ngoba ziyezinkundla ezigcwele ezilindelwe ngezigaba njenge-SF6 noma amahawa avutha esikhathini esifanayo. Lezi ziphakamiso zivikela ukungena kwemifula, umlilo, nokuthi kangakanani okunye okungadingi ukungena kumqondo wasezindaweni. Ukukhanya kukhona kakhulu - izikhungo eziningi zithola ukuthi zingasusa ku-80% yezilungiselelo eziphazanyekayo ezenza kakhulu ngezinhlelo eziphakeme zasezindaweni. Ngokudla kwesikhathi, izinkampani zokwanda kubonwa ukuthola okungenani ku-40% xa bazingcinezela izindleko ngokuphelele emva kweminyaka engu-25 yokusebenza. Abasebenzi abaqhubekayo angasingaphinde phansi konke futhi ngoba konke okubalulekile kuseda ngasembindini omkhulu ophezulu. Kananjalo, i-solid state relays ihlanjiswa nezinqumo ezintsha ezenza kuphela ekugcineni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kudingeka isikhathi esincane ekulungiseni izinto nokuthi kuncane kakhulu izici ezinzima ezingcwele. Izindawo zinkohlwa kakhulu kule ndlela ngoba abagcini bezigaba bezifuna imfundo engcono ngaphandle kokuthatha imali ekugcineni nokubuyisela.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
-
Umdlalo wokuthuthukisa okuphambene ngeRing Main Unit ungani?
I-Ring Main Unit (RMU) isebenziswe ekunikezeni kwegogo eliphakeme, ibe yindawo yokulawula emasabathini ukwamukela umlando wesiseko esihamba ngobudlelane, okusincoma ekuvikeleni inikelo engahlinzeki. -
Kungani i-RMUs zibalulekile emasabathini obugcina begogo?
I-RMUs zibalulekile emasabathini ngoba zinakeza ukuvikela kakhulu, ukuguqula inzuzo, nokubuyekeza umkhondo, okusincoma ekuphazameni izigaba zenkanyezi futhi kuvikela amaxesha apheleleyo angaphezulu. -
I-RMUs zilinganiswa kanjani ne-switchgear ephatha intando ngokuhlanganisa kunoma ikuphi ukusabalalisa nokufakwa?
I-RMUs zincane kakhulu, zidinga indawo enye kuphela e-65% engaphansi futhi zilapha ixesha lokufaka ngama-70–75%, okuyisizo kakhulu kumasebe abangcono.
