Izinkinga zokunyibilika? Isithuthi samandla esinamandla sivuse izinkinga zokunyibilika

Ukulandela Ukunyuka Kwebuchwepheshe Ekhabhineni Yezimali

Amadlozi aphantsi nemva aphathekayo ekhabhini yezimali

Izibha elekthrikhile esifaka ngemini ngemini zihlala ihlangana nokugcinwa kwezimali eziphakeme ekhishwa yizindlela zangaphandle namandla. Ngaphakathi kwezibha, izinto ezithile njengezokwelashwa kwamandla, izinyikelo zomoto, kungenzeka manje ngama-15% etholakala njengesimilo esahlukile lapho isebenza. Phakade? Ubusuku buhamba ngokushesha futhi. Izilinganiso zokungaphandle zazungezansi kakhulu zakhuphuka ngaphezu kuka-20 degrees Celsius kunalokho okuzungezansi kubo. Kungabi nomuntu ophila ngezimali eziphakeme ezingaphakathi kwizindawo eziningi zezimali. Ezindaweni zokwakha izinkolelo, izindawo zokuphatha izimpendulo zokugcina izimali eziphakeme ezingavumele amandla ethu. Yenza lokhu konke kusuke kube khona ukulahlekelwa kwezimali eziphakeme ezingaphezu kuka-500 watts ngameter kabili kumathuba apholile kakhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukucwangciswa kwezimali kufuneka kuqale ngokudala uma sifuna ukusebenza kakhulu emva kwalokho.

Ukuqonda izibonakude zokungaphakama: Kusukela ekugcinweni kwamandla kuze kube yisiphetho

Xa izixhobo ziqaqazela kakhulu, kukho izibonakaliso ezithile njenge relays ezenza ngokungafaniyo, iPLCs ezihamba ngendlela encinci kunokuqhelekileyo, nokunyuka kwamandla phakathi kuko konke ukuguquka kwesitayile. Ingxaki ekhoyo yavela xa izinto ziyacala. Siya kubona ububi bomthwalo njengoko iPCB boards ebonisa izikhala ezimnyama apho ikopha likhishwe, amaplanga akhomo ebandakanya okanye ayiphindaphinda, nezikhombisi ephupha njengezizobe zivalekile. Uma zishiya kanjalo, le ngxaki ibangela izinkinga ezinkulu. Ukuqinisekisa kwegesi kushuka ngapha kwezilingo (ngokuvamile oko-1 million ohms kodwa sibonakala kushuka ngaproximately 70%) kwaye i contactors zingena ngokushesha xa zikholwa kugcobo lokucala. Lokhu kuthetha ukuba izicwangciso ezingavumelekanga zizakwenzeka ngokukodwa, zicost companies ixesha namanani.

Ukuthini isitayile sangaphandle siyenzani na nesimo sezimoto se electrical cabinet

Ubungakanani bokucophelela kubalulekile kakhulu ekuphileni kwesithazama phakathi kwezinto evela ngaphandle komsindlela nokhuni okusondele. Xa izinkamelo zomoya ziyakhula ngaphezu kwe-25 degrees Celsius (okungekho kangaka 77 Fahrenheit), ukudonsa okunatural kusenzoza ngendlela ethulasayo. Ngasinye isikhathi sokhala ngaphezu kwalokho, ubungakanani buhlaba kabusha nge-35%. Izinkinga ziyakhona uma izinkamelo zomoya zangaphandle zifinyelela ezingu-40 degrees Celsius (noma 104 Fahrenheit). Ngalesi sikhathi, izinxele ezizolwe kade ziyeza ngaphezulu kwezinkinga eziphathelene ne-55 degree (ezingu-131 Fahrenheit), okubaluleke kakhulu ekuthinteni kwamathambo esemikonthwini. Ngoba lokhu kuyadinga izisombululo zokucophelela okusebenzayo emakhishini anezinkamelo eziningi noma emakhishini angafanelekanga ukudonsa.

Ukudizayina Amabhaqi Aqhubekayo Ngezimali Ukufanele Ekuphileni Kwesithazama

Ukukhetha Izimodi: I-Aluminum vs. I-Steel vs. Izinxele Ezinezimodi

Kukhona ukuthi yini loyilo esikhetha kumagugu kuyaphawula kangakanani ngokwesimo esinako ekulawuleni umthubi nokuhlala kuye ngexesha. Sebenzisa isilimnqa umzekelo. Ludala umthubi ngama-205 amawati ngametero e-Kelvin, okuyisilinganiso amathathu kuya kuma-hlanu ngaphezulu kunesiSteel. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isilimnqa kunokudala umthubi ngendlela efanelekileyo, ngakho ke kusebenza kakuhle emaphanelini okulawula i-HVAC nemithombo enkulu yemithombo yesilayi. Manje isiSteel sidale indlela yakhe futhi njengoko kakhulu kube mkhulu, ngaleso sikhathi abaninzi basebenzisa iz industri zomkhumbi ngenxa yokuthi isiSteel sidala kuphela umthubi ngama-45 amawati ngametero e-Kelvin. Lolu daba oluncane kusho ukuthi kudingeka amanyange akhethekileyo okulahla umthubi. Kunezinye izinkcazo ezifana nofiberglass engaqhubekanga polyester. Lezi zilandelayo zihlinzeka kakhulu kweziphumayo kanye nezindlela zomthubi, ngakho ke ziyahlala yizinketho ezihle kwizindawo ezibophelela apho kukhona izimpawu noma phansi kwamaphlatfomi aseNtla apho umoya wamanzi osolile uyodlula ezinye izilandelayo.

Amakinaki we-IP ne-NEMA/UL: Ukwakha Okufanayo Kwizidingo Zokulima

Ukufunda izilingo zokuphatha kumhlaba kuyindlela yokuthi kujwayele kuzinto okunikezwa ukulindeleka kwabo ngokuphepha kwezimali. Ngokomzekelo, izigaba ezinezilo eziphephile zika IP54 zivikela ukungena kwemithi nezibhamu zamandla kodwa zavuma ukudluliswa kwezimali ngendlela ethile, lokhu kusiza ekupheleni kwamandla ngendlela ethile. Kanti na, izigaba zeNEMA 12 ezivikela ukungena kwamafutha namakhemikhali kodwa azivikeli kabili ukudluliswa kwezimali. Zavumela ukudluliswa okuncane kakhulu ukuze iziqhumaniswa asiphilisi. Kumaqondo apho amanzi noma amakhemikhali ayisidingo, izinhlelo eziqinisekisiwe ziUL Type 4X zisetshenziswa. Zifaka izihlukumezi ezithile ezingaviki amanzi kunye nezinye izindlela eziphakeme esistemeni yonke. Lokhu kugcina ubomi bempilo obulungele phakathi kwegaba lapho izimo ngaphandle ziphazanyayo, wonke ngokuqinisekisa izimo ezihlakaniphile phakathi kwegaba. Izikhala eziningi zasebhobheni zifuna le ndlela iyafuna kakhulu kuzo zonke izisebenzo zazo.

Ukudizaina Okuvuthiweyo Ukunyakelisa Kwamandla Nezindlela Zokuphila Kukushisa

Manje amadizaina e-cabinet ayashintsheka ngokugcwele xa kufika ekugcineni ubushiza ngendlela ethulwa. Izici njengezindlu zehlangothi ezinezikhungo, izilwane ezimbhalaliwe, nezinto ezigciniwe ngemeko yezigaba zihlanza ukuthutha kwamandla phezulu futhi kuqophe kuzinzile ezinkulungwini zezinhlayiya zangaphakathi. Ngokwesicwangciso sika ABB ngesivikelo sakhe se-2022, le ndlela ingaseke ithule intonga yamandla kangakanani phakathi kwama-8 nama-12 Celsius. Inkohlakala eyinye ibalulekile yakhona kukusebenzisa kwezikhumba ze-polymers ezingenjalo kuzo zonke izindawo zokudluliswa. Lezi zinto ezithile zivumela ukuthutha kusuke kodwa zizokhuphela umlambo nempimpi, okubalulekile kakhulu kuzinhlayiya ezisetyenziswa emazweni apholile njengezinsuku noma ematheyendeni apholile apho izinkinga zokushisa ziphathelene kakhulu.

Iziphumakalo Zokunyakela Kwezimali Ezinamandla Kakhulu Ezenziwa Ngamacabanga Amahle

Ukusebenzisa Icondishiniya Yecabinet Namasuka Ukunakekelwa Okuyinxalenye Yomlando

Xa kusebenziswa kakhulu ngenhla, izinyathelo zokulahlaza ngokusebenzisa i-air conditioners zamaphepha ngaphakathi kunye neefani ezintsha zokutshintsha ubungakanani bezisiseko ukulahlaza kakhulu ngaphakathi. Le mithombo yokulahlaza iyasebenza kakuhle nokuba ubungakanani baphandle bubungeze i-45 degrees Celsius. Zenze isiseko sezixhobo zokulunga esizenzileyo ezingenjalo ekukhangeleni ukuba kuthathe kangakanani ubungakanani bokugqibela. Inkxalabo ikhulu apha kukuba le miqhuba ayisebenzi konke ixesha njengeyasebenziyo njengoko. Esikhundleni, isebenza kuphela xa kudingeka oku kususa umsebenzi wamandla phakathi kwe-30 kuya kuma-50 iphesenti. Kuyakho kakhulu isiphumo endaweni efana nezithuthi apho amashini asenza inhla nangona kumaziphi azikhiphayo apho ubungakanani bugqitha ngendlela ethile ngokwesimilo sokuphumla okuphumelelayo okanye okuhlala kusuka kumaziphi.

Izinqumo Zokulahlaza Zomgodi Ovulekileyo: Ukuqinisekisa Ukucindezelwa Nokusebenza

Izinqamlelo zokulima izimpahla ngokuphelele zikusiza izimpahla ukuba ibe nangemuva ngoba zizokhupha amava angaphandle. Esikhundleni sokuthatha amava amanjengo-asekhaya, lezi zinqamlelo zihambisa ubusha ngamathekesi akhiwe ngendlela eyodwa kanye nangaphandle. Umdenge wakhothulelwe ngoqobo ulwangukazulu ubonisa ukuthi izimpahla ezindaweni njengezindawo eziphefumula kakhulu noma edlanweni kungcono kube namandla angaphezu kuka-40% lapho usebenzisa le ndlela. Yini engcwele? Iziphazamo zamathambo nezinkwa zamathambo azigwanyiswa kumshini lapho kungase kwenzeke isimo esingcono. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kuzinto njengezemidwebo yokwakha izithuthi zemvelo nezigaba zomhlaza emanzini, lapho ukuhlukunyama kwemshini kuthinta imali nokusebentisa isikhathi.

Isibonelo: Ukuvikela Ukuchithwa Kwemshini Ngokuphatha Ubusha

Umdlali we-inverter yekhasi elinye wokwehla ukusohlwa okungaphakade ngamathuba anguqu amabili ngekuphindaphindile uma kwenziwe ukusetha kwalokhu kuhlaka okumele. Isifundo senza iziklathi ezihlukene zokulahlwa kwizimpahla zokwenta amandla nezixhobo ze-AC zegalelo. Kutheni? Izinkimba zangaphakathi zazilahlwa kakhulu, ezingaphezu kwezidingo zokuthi zingcono lapho zonke izinto zazisebenza ngokugcwele. Akukho mnyango wendlela yokulahlwa kulezi zibhodi ezinzima zokuxhumana, kodwa ukulungiselela akudingi ukuzenzeka ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezimbili zonyaka phakathi kwizivumelwano. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke leliqiniso lakugcina bafika kwi-UL 508A eyisiko esibalulekile ekugcineni abantu bonke emsebenzini.

Izenzo Zokulahlwa Ezivuselelwayo Ukulungiselela Izigalelo Zokuxhumana Ezivuselelwayo Nezidinga Ezingezansi

Ukudonsa Kwesitshixo, Ukunyuka, Nokuhlanganiswa Kwesitshixo Ekulahlweni Kwesitshixo

Ukukhazimula kahle kusebenza ngendlela ehlukene kusukela kumethudi thathu. Okokuqala kukhanya, lapho izinxenye zithembisa ukushisa njengamaweyi e-infrared. Kanti kanje kufika ukuxhasana, lapho havuni likhanya likhuphuka phezulu kanye linxasene ngemiphakathi yezoka kuqukethe. Indlela yesithupha yiyokuthatha isishunqa, okwenzeka ngokuvamile ngezinqunka ezinzima ezidolophiwe ngamanhlamvulo afana ne-aluminum engathatha ukushisa kusuka kuzinto ezihlukile. Okwenzela ukuthi izinkundla zokukhazimula kakhulu zibe nzuzisayo kukuthi azifuni izinto ezenziwa ngobuchwepheshe noma imithombo yezinhloso zangaphandle. Ngenxa yalokhu kuhlukahlukene, izilimi eziningi zithola ukuthi lezi zindlela zihlotshelwa ukugcina amathuba atholakalayo. Ngokwesayensi esaphublikisiwe ku-Thermal Systems Journal ngoPitshini-2022, manje kuye kube kungu-8 kuze kube ngu-10 eyodwa emazingeni ethuluzi ayedwa ekhona kakhulu kuzindilinga eziphathekayo.

Ukunciphisa Isandla Sasekhaya Nezivivili Ngaphandle Kokulahleka Kwesilinganiso se-IP

Ukukhetha iziklono ezintsha kusiza ekuthinteni ngaphandle kwezindlela eziphezulu zokwephula kodwa kancane kuyakha kakhulu. Uma izigaba zinezinkomba nezindongwe ezivalethile, zenzela okuqukethwe kwamandla okuphula kakhulu kwe-25 kuze kube ngu-40 iphesenti kakhulu endaweni yokuphula nokuhamba ngokushisa. Izilonye zezinyikizelo lezi zihlanza imbewu kodwa zisebenza futhi njengoko ziyavikela kwindanda nezimali ngokusho kwezilinganiso ze-IP54 ne-IP65 eziningi abantu baziwo. Izindawo zokungena kwemigqa etholakala izivumela ukuthi umoya ophuthayo uphume ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwebumba elijwayelekile. Sebenzisa izigaba ze-aluminum njengombhalo. Uma abayenza baplace izinyikizelo ngendlela efanele, ubude bendawo phezu kwezigaba libuye phansi kakhulu kwe-8 kuze kube ngu-12 degrees Celsius ikusasa kwegama lesolid steel. Lokhu kwenza uhlelo olukhulu kakhulu kungani i-equipment ihlanza kangakanani uma kusekelwe.

Nini Kukhethe Ukuphula Okungasenziwa Noma Okusebenzayo Emakhaya Aphathelene

Ukucola kwegalelo kusebenza kahle kakhulu emaphakathini apho ubude bukaqondana bakhona ngaphansi kwezigrama-35 noma 95 Fahrenheit. Kusebenza futhi kakhulu ezinhlotsheni apho igumbi lekhabhini lingena amawati angu-500 kuphela, futhi kakhulu ezinhlotsheni eziqeda kude noma ezidinga ukulungiswa okuncane kuphela. Uma ikhanya likhuphuka kulinganiselwe ku-800 watts, noma uma ubude bukaqondana bakhala ngaphezu kwebalinganiso, kepha ukucola kuyadingeka kakhulu. Lokhu kufanalo nezimo ezingadinga ukubulawa okuphelele kakhulu kusukela kwesibini isigaba esithile. Izindlela zokudluliswa zinikeza into phakathi kwalokhu. Zisebenzisa izindlela zokucoliswa kwegalelo kakhulu, kodwa zifaka izikrha eziningi njengefan ayini noma izishayeli lapho kungekho ukwanda kumthwalo. Le ndlela efihliwe iyasusa imithwalo ngelokhu isebenza ngendlela efanele.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Kiziphi izibonakaliso ezijwayelekile zokukhanya kakhulu emacaleni amadala?

Izinkomba zokungabi nomncane kufakela izinto ezisebenza ngendlela eyayisayo, ukuphumelela okukhangelwa, ukuthutha kwamanzi ngaphakathi, ububi bokwenzakalo kwezinto njengezinkomba ze-PCB, nokunyuka kwezivimba. Ukungabi nomncane kungahola ekulimaleni kwebala elingaqeda futhi kube yinkinga yezinto.

Kuthini ukukhetha imibono kubalulekile ekudizayini i-cabinets elekthrikhali?

Ukukhetha imibono kusabalula indlela yokuphatha umlilo kanye nesiphazamiso. I-aluminum iphathisa umlilo ngokushesha ngoba inemvuselo ephethilwayo yokuhlaza umlilo, futhi ngakho ikhethwa kangcono kwiindawo ezifuna ukuhlala kuzo njengoko kwiindawo zokuhlima kanye namabhamu abasolari. I-steel inikela amandla akhetheka kodwa kudingeka kuphinde kube khona izindlela zokuhlanya. Imibono ye-composite iyashobha ukuchithwa kanye nokuphatha umlilo ophansi, ihlelekile kuzindlela ezinezimo eziphambene njengoko kuzindlela okugcwele kwamanzi achemikhali.

Kuthini ubungako beziphumo ze-IP kanye ne-NEMA/UL ekudizayini i-cabinets elekthrikhali?

Amadikisha okuphatha umphakathi ekugcineni izigaba zokuphatha kakhulu. Izigaba ezinezigaba ze-IP54 zivumela ukuthi kube khona isimo esihle sokudla kwezimali, ngelixa izigaba ze-NEMA 12 zikholela kweziqhamo nezibhubhu. Izinhawu zika-UL Type 4X zihlelekile kuzindawo eziphepha kakhulu nokushisa, ukuze kugcinwe isimo esizenzakalelayo.

Kungani indlela yokulahla isishukumo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amathambo?

Ukunqamula kwesifazane kusebenzisa ukushisa, ukusulela, nokuhloma ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amathambo noma i-electricity yangenhla. Iindlela eziphethwe kakhulu ziqukethe izinkunkuma zeshishukumo nezigaba ezidolophiwe ngendlela ethile ukuze kugcinwe ubude bokusebenza ngokushesha ngokushesha kwegesi.