KYN28-12: Isisombululo Esigcwele Sokugcina Imigqa Yekhahle

Ukucaciswa i-KYN28-12 Armored Metal Removable Switchgear

Isisindo esikhulu se-Design kanye nevoli yesingeni

I-KYN28-12 igiqa lemetal licapha lishayela ngemva kwezingu ezingu-30 zokuthuthukiswa ukwenze kube yimalunga kakhulu futhi kube nenkazipho yokwenqaba izinkinga. Ngenkanga yaso kuqala ngenkanga ya-90, abakhethi bakhuthaza kakhulu ukwesekwa kwezimo zase-IEC 62271 futhi banyakela iteknoloji yokuqeda kwekhanda esembenzisa ivakweli ethiwa yindlela ebonisa ukunciphisa izikhumba zokushisa ngama-92% ngokulinganisa nezinye izisombululo zasekile ngokwesibongo sase-IEEE Power Engineering lase-2023. Manje sibona izinhlobo ezintsha ezibekwe ngemibandela futhi zibekwa ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokugqoka ezibotsha, bese kuthola amathiphu okungaqondani nge-0.25% ngonyaka kuzo zonke izinhwele zase-12kV. Le ndlela yokuthula kwezinye izinto ezikhethekile kuzindlela zokusebenza zokwenza amakhampani ayiphuthiwe.

Ukubonakala Kwemibandela Futhi Indlela Yalo Ekuhlanganeni Kwamandla Okudlule

Okwenza ukuba i-KYN28-12 ikhohlwe ngokuba yindlela yokubandakanya engavunyelwa ngokushesha xa kuneedla zokuguqula amandla. Abasebenzisa amandla angavuselela amandla aphakathi kwezinye izinyanga ezimbili xa banele ngokuguqula amandla okanye ngama-40%. Loluhlelo lunezinhlanganisela ezihlukile fomadela nezinye izinto ezifanalo nezinhlobo, izivikelelo zemoto nezimboni. Loluhlelo lusesiza ukungavimba izindlela phakathi fomadela futhi kuvunyelwa ukuba kwenzeke ukulungisa noma ngabe yilapho isistimu isebenza ngokushesha ngokuthi kunezivikelelo zemoto zokugcina amandla. Komaqo kuyadinga ukuba vusele amandla aphakathi, le ndlela yokuvumela ukuba kudingiwe kakhulu indawo engaphansi kwezinye izinhlelo zokuxhumana nezinhlobo, ukuthatha kabusha amandla okanye ngama-20%.

Isicathami: Ukuxhumiwa kwezinhlelo yamandla emedini

Kulokhu kwe-Dubai ye-2022 yokuvikela ingxenye yamandla, izinhloso zika-KYN28-12 zikhuphisile isikhathi sokungasebenzi nge-30% ngokusebenzisa imoduli yekhetha engalungiswa kwaye inqanaba lokugcinwa kwezilayisha. I-IP4X engavikeli ngokwezimali kuyindlela yokuthiwa kuhlanganisa amandla okuphepha kakhulu kwe-99.98% insukwini yezinsuku eziningi kakhulu zokuphuma kwezimali kanye nezikhathi eziningi zokungcola, okubonisa ukuthula kwalo kwezimali kuzindlela ezinhle zaseMiddle East.

Ukuthola into eyinhloko kwi-KYN28-12 Fomathela kanye neDijithi Dijithi

Isiqiniso se-'KYN28-12' kwi-IEC kanye nezilwanyana zika-GB

Iqoqo lokuthiwa KYN28-12 libe ngemigomo ye-IEC 62271 kanye ne-GB/T 11022:

• K : Isithuthi esivikelwe ngokwezimali
• Y : Izinto ezingathathwa
• N : Ukufakwa kugqamane
• 28: Inombolo yokuhlukanisa
• 12: Ivoltihi elingenhalela (12kV)

Lolu qoqo lokuqala kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthola okusho kakhulu njengokuhlinzeka kwesithuthi, ivoltihi elingenhalela (±12kV), kanye nokuthenjelana ngaphambi kokuthiwa kuhlanganisa.

Ukulinganisela Nezinye I-KYN-Series Metal-Clad Switchgear

I-KYN28-12 iyisisekelo esikhulu kakhulu kulo 10 ukuze kube 12kV olweni, kodwa xa izinto ziphakeme kakhulu ngokwesekelwe kwevoltage, sibona amamodeli afanayo ne-KYN44-24 esenza umsebenzi we-24kV. Le ndawo enkulu ngokwengeziwe iya kunezinsiza zokusekela kahle kanye nezindlela eziphezulu zokuthola ukuphepha ngokuphezulu. Kung compared to izinhlayiya ezindaweni ezedvulelwe njengale KYN1, isimo sokuqimba sithintwa ngokugcwele kwi-KYN28 series. Abasebenzisa ukwakha okanye ukuthola umntu wokulayisha kuphela ngendlela engenakho ukuthiwa yonke into ihluka, ukuthatha isibindi ngemva kwe-30 kuya kuma-40% njengoba kubonakala kwiilayili. Futhi abasebenzisa abathanda ukuthi le ndawo ingathatha amasitha angu-20% ngaphansi kwaleyo KYN18 amamodeli, wonke futhi abe nezinsiza zokuthiwa zingiwe kakhulu zingiwe kuma-31.5kA.

Izinkcazo zokuhlola nezindlela zokusebenza

I-Switchgear ye-Metal ye-Armored ye-KYN28-12 ibulela ukusebenza kwezilungu kwelekthrisithi esetshenziswe kahle kumandla we-12kV. Imigomo yayo ebalwe ukuguqula kwezimali, ukubaluleka nokuthi kuthakathelwe kwi-inthanethi yemikhiyana engenakho.

Imigomo ye-Voltage, Frequency, nezindlela zokukhula kumaqondo we-12kV

Ikhelwe kwi-12kV (±10%), isistimu isekela amakhertz e-50 ne-60 ukuqeqesha ukuthi kuthakathelwe kwi-inthanethi yemhlabeni. Imigomo yesikhathi eside kuya kuma-630A kuya kuma-3150A, noma kungenzeka ukukhula kwezikhwama kwe-25kA ngemizuzwana e-4 - kuyindlela echanekileyo kwi-IEC 62271-200 kumandla wezilungu ezincane.

Ukuvumela Ukuphansi Okungu-Short-Circuit Nokunqatshelwa Kwe-Current

Yenzwe ukwenza i-peak currents up to 63kA (175% ye-ohm ye-short-circuit), iswithgear isebenza ngemithuthi yobugxina obuningi nezinhloti ezivikela ukuphansi. I-Testing ephezulu kwehlukahlukahlukene kuvikela ukusebenza ngemiphumela ngemoya we-105%, kungaphezulu kwezilingo zokuvumela.

IEC 62271 Ukuvumela Nokuqinisekwa Kwezinhlelo Zokusebenza

Ukuvumela okwesibili qinisekisa ukuvumela kwe-IEC 62271-200 yokuvumela ngemiphumela (>10,000 izikhathi zokusebenza) nokunyuka komoya (<65K xa kubelethwe ngokuphelele). I-Field data evela kwezindlela zasephezulu zokwenyela ukuthi ube nezinconywa ezingama-99.8% emibili yeminyaka emibili yasebantwini, qinisekisa ukusebenza kungaphezulu kwebhurekhene.

Ukwenza Iindlela Zokugcina Nokunqatshelwa Okuningi

Ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokuxhumana ezifakwayo nezinhlobo zokulinganisa eziyisisekelo, i-KYN28-12 ikwazi ukuba ne-31.5kA interrupting capacity futhi ibe yindlela yokunciphisa izindleko zokuphila ngokuphelele nge-15-20% ngaphansi kwezinhlobo ezinhle. Iindleko zokushisa zinkuluwa (±0.15W/A phase), zokuthiwa kahle kungcono ngaphandle kokulahla ukukhuphuka kwezimpawu (<50ms).

Izinhlobo Ezinhleli nezinhlelo zokuphepha

Izinhlobo Ezinhleli: I-Busbar, I-Vacuum Circuit Breaker, ne-Cable Compartment

Ukuphephile kwekhiye kusuka kumatolwana amathathu okuxhumana ngokuphelele:

• Usidingi Lwembuso : I-Copper bars ezinobulungiswa obuphezulu zikuthatha kwezindleko zokukhawuleza futhi zilindele kakhulu ngokulayela amaphepha ngaphansi kwe-4kA
• Izivacuum Circuit Breakers (VCBs) : I-Electrodynamic mechanisms zikuvumela ukuba kwezimpawu ngaphansi kwe-50ms, okuyindlela yokulungisa ukukhuphuka kwe-12kV
• Izicatindlela Zokuxhumana Ezifihlwe : Izindawo ezine-IP4X zikuthatha ukungena kwezimala nezindlebe, nezindlela ezilandelanayo zokuthatha ukukhuphuka kwamaphasi

Ukukhetha izimaterial efanayo kulezi zinhlobo kubangela ukuncipha kwezikhundla zokungatholi kahle ngama-38% ngaphandle kwezinhlobo eziphambene, njengoba kubonisiwa kwi-2024 reliability study.

Imisebenzi ye-Vacuum Circuit Breakers kuzo zindlela zama-12kV

Ii-VBC zama-KYN28-12 zisebenzisa ii-electrodes zokugelela kwaye iintakelo zama-CuCr50 ukuze zilinde isikhathu esifanayo se-31.5kA ngelishumi elithoba kuma-operations. Le zinto zinceda kwiindikimbo zama-IEC 62271-200 zokusebenza ngama-30 unyaka kwiintempilethura eziphakathi kwe-25°C kuye kuma-40°C.

Isignyelwa sokwahlulwa kwaye izindlela zokunqanda ukungatholi

Iindlela ezingaphambene zokuhlula kwaye iindlela zokugcina ngokupheleleyo zilandela iindawo zama-150kV/mm phakathi kwezifanqo. Ii-sensors ezingaphambene zenzeke ukugcinwa kwezikhundla ngexesha elijwayelekileyo, zibonisa ukungatholi kwezohlula kwiintengo ezingama-6–8 ngaphambi kwezikhundla ezithile. Le ndawo yokubona iyinceda ukuba kuba ne-99.97% yokusebenza ngexesha elijwayelekileyo xa yenziwe ngokuchanekileyo ngeendlela ezichanekileyo.

Izimo Zokuphepha, Imikhombo Yekhelungu, Namandla Wokusebenza

Izinkinobodla Zokwenza Okungasebenzi Kakhulu Namandla Yokuphakama Kwemikhawulo

Isistimu yemikhawulo engu-5 yemikhawulo yemifanekiso yamandla yamandla yamandla yenqaba ukwenza okungasebenzi kakhulu, kunoma ukuthi kungukeyi okuphakelwe kanye nezikhala ezokugcina okuphakelwe ngemvume, okwenza ukuthi kuthathwe amathuba okungqamane ngama-94% (CIGRE 2022). Ukuhlaziywa kwemvelo kwe-2023 kwezindlela ezingu-150 kubonise ukuthi le mikawulo yamandla yamandla iyakhubaza amathuba okungqamane okungu-40% ngokuthi iyasebenzisa ukulandela izibonelo.

Imikhombo Yekhelungu IEC Namandla Yekhelungu GB Ukuhlanganisa Kwemhlabeni Konke

Kutholwe imikhombo IEC 62271-200 kanye ne-GB/T 3906, le switchgear iyahlukisa izimo zokuphepha kwezihlahla ezingu-8.0 noma kungenhla kakhulu kanye nezimo zokukhala. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-EPRI (2023) kubonise ukuthi ubude bokusebenza bengu-20 years phakathi kwe-1250A, kungaphezulu kwe-AS/NZS 3439 ngama-18% kumaqondo okuphazamise kakhulu.

Imikhombo Yemhlahlandlela: Imikhombo Yempi, Umoya, Noma Kuphakeme Kwezindawo

Le system ifuncasela kahle phakathi kwezinklingo ezijwayelekile kusuka kuma -25 amadigri Celsius kuya kuma +40 amadigri Celsius. Uma kudingeka, kukhona izinketho zokugcina zilandelayo ongayifaka ngokwendalo kungenzeka ukuthi uyishele futhi leli qalingo kuma -40 amadigri. Ikhahla lenziwe ngaleyo ndlela incwadi yokungenela izinkambu zonitirojeni zokugcina amadla kakhulu apho amakhambiwe kakhulu kuya kuma 95%. Kwezifakelo ezikhishwe kikona ngaphezulu, izinto ezithile zokugcina izilayisha zifuncela kahle noma lapho zifakwe kikona ezifuywa kusuka kuma 4000 mita ngaphezulu kwamadoni. Lokhu kunceda kakhulu ukuthola isisulela lezinkinga zokuvoltiwa ezithathwa ngokungafani noma ngokuphindwe kwezinye izinto eziphathwe kizindawo zemontane zokuxazulula ezitholwe kwi-IEEE ngenyaka ya-2021.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Yeyiphi indlela ephambene nezibonelo zokusebenza kweqonga le-KYN28-12 kusistimu yokuvulela?

Umdlalo wesivivinyo sokudala kwe-KYN28-12 kuvumela ukubuyiselwa futhi kwenziwe amandla ngokushesha, kungenzeka ukuthi kuthathe isikhathi esincane futhi sikhawulezwe indawo ekudingekayo ngokulinganisa nokudala okujwayelekile kwezinhlayiya zokugcina.

Yimiphi eminingo nezinhloso zombolo wokudala 'KYN28-12'?

Inombolo yodaga kuchaza amagama amathathu: 'K' kuyinhlayiya enemali, 'Y' ikhomba izinto ezikwakhiwe, 'N' iyagcina endaweni yengceke, '28' ngokuthi yisilinda sokudala, futhi '12' ichaza ukuthi kunezivikelelo ezingama-12kV.

Uyini indlela lokuthi izinhlayiya zokugcina ziphela ubulungiswa nezimo eziphathelene nezimo ezingcono?

Ubungiswa buphela ngokushintshana kwezinhlayiya ezingama-5 futhi kuhlanganise nezimo ze-IEC ne-GB, kubona ukuthi kuhlanganise nezimo zokuthula nezimo zokusebenza.

Yiziphi izimo zokudlula ezingcono kwe-KYN28-12?

Izinhlayiya zokugcina zenziwa ngokuhambisana kusigaba sendawo esiphakathi kwe- -25°C kuya ku-+40°C, nezinhlobo ezikhona kuya ku- -40°C, futhi zenziwa ngokuhambisana nezimo zokungcola kuya ku-95% futhi kude kuma-4,000 mita pansi kwezinsizwa.