Switchboards nke substation bụ isi okpukpu nke sistemụ ịkpaka iwu, imepụta iwu site na transformers ruo na feeders mgbe e ji akwụsịrị ọgwụwe na ịdị iche iche. Switchboards Langsung Electric ewepụtara maka sirkịtụ ndị dị irè, inye mmalite failover n'ime mkpọtụ, ọgwụghara. Nkịtịbịa anyị na-egosipụta microprocessor na-enye nzaghachi ozi banyere nguzobe n'otu oge ahụ, na-eme ka oge igba njehie dịkarịa 50% dibuo sistemụ elektromechanical ndị agha. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, onye nata iwu n'Nigeria gboo switchboards anyị nwere phasor measurement units (PMUs), na-arụsi ya 20% zuru oke n'ọgwụwe grid n'ime obere oge ịwụ. Ngwaahịa switchboards a dị nta—nwere ike ịdị 40% karịa ngwaahịa ndị ochie—enweghị ike imeputa ha n'ime substation ndị dị obere ma enweghi ikike izute maka imelite. Ihe kachasị mbụ pụtara testing (FAT) n'ụlọ ọrụ n'ime mkpọtụ iwu, na-enye ogo otu oge ọgwụwe iji zigharị mmetụta. Ndị mmadụ na-eri nri site na software nkịtịbịa anyị, na-enye ozi n'ime oge igosipụta vibi na itabughị itabughị site na sensors ndị dị n'ime. N'akụkọ aka nke refinery nke Southeast Asian, switchboards anyị rụchara 65% nke mkpọtụ iwu abughi aka n'ime afọ abụọ, na-eme ka $1.2 million ekewa n'ime nsogbu nke na-erughị aka. Ebumnuche nke arc-resistant doors na pressure relief vents na-eme ka ohere egbu dị nta, na-agbakwunye na OSHA na IEC 62271-200 standards. Otú ọ mere, switchboards anyị na-amanye na-adaba na Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), dịka solar inverters na battery storage systems, na-enye onye nata iwu ikike imebi supply na demand n'otu oge ahụ.